SJHS - Vol 2 Issue1 - English Part

Admin

Last update :

The Sudan Journal of Health Sciences

By Alfajr College for Science and Technology

The Second Volume (Year 2024) - Issue 1

English Part of The journal

To download a PDF copy click here ⏬

🍃🍂🍃🍂🍃🍂🍃

🌍 Websites SJHSfajr.org

🔴Email & Articles submission 📄

Contact@sjhsfajr.org

📣Social Media

👉Facebook.com/sjhsfajr

👉 LinkedIn.com/company/sjhsfajr

👉 X/Twitter.com/sjhsfajr

👉 Telegram.me/sjhsfajr

👉 WhatsApp

chat.whatsapp.com/EMLSnq73ruPL0mSxnq7vK6

Edit This Article

Comments

window['__wavt'] = 'AOuZoY5h94QXwOE6ZEqyzkCpQbdXuJkAOQ:1735249976647';_WidgetManager._Init('//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID\x3d8304613123833094363','//www.sjhsfajr.org/2024/04/all-journal-2024-vol2-issue1-english.html','8304613123833094363'); _WidgetManager._SetDataContext([{'name': 'blog', 'data': {'blogId': '8304613123833094363', 'title': 'Sudan Journal of Health Sciences', 'url': 'https://www.sjhsfajr.org/2024/04/all-journal-2024-vol2-issue1-english.html', 'canonicalUrl': 'https://www.sjhsfajr.org/2024/04/all-journal-2024-vol2-issue1-english.html', 'homepageUrl': 'https://www.sjhsfajr.org/', 'searchUrl': 'https://www.sjhsfajr.org/search', 'canonicalHomepageUrl': 'https://www.sjhsfajr.org/', 'blogspotFaviconUrl': 'https://www.sjhsfajr.org/favicon.ico', 'bloggerUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com', 'hasCustomDomain': true, 'httpsEnabled': true, 'enabledCommentProfileImages': true, 'gPlusViewType': 'FILTERED_POSTMOD', 'adultContent': false, 'analyticsAccountNumber': '', 'encoding': 'UTF-8', 'locale': 'en', 'localeUnderscoreDelimited': 'en', 'languageDirection': 'ltr', 'isPrivate': false, 'isMobile': false, 'isMobileRequest': false, 'mobileClass': '', 'isPrivateBlog': false, 'isDynamicViewsAvailable': true, 'feedLinks': '\x3clink rel\x3d\x22alternate\x22 type\x3d\x22application/atom+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22Sudan Journal of Health Sciences - Atom\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.sjhsfajr.org/feeds/posts/default\x22 /\x3e\n\x3clink rel\x3d\x22alternate\x22 type\x3d\x22application/rss+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22Sudan Journal of Health Sciences - RSS\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.sjhsfajr.org/feeds/posts/default?alt\x3drss\x22 /\x3e\n\x3clink rel\x3d\x22service.post\x22 type\x3d\x22application/atom+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22Sudan Journal of Health Sciences - Atom\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.blogger.com/feeds/8304613123833094363/posts/default\x22 /\x3e\n\n\x3clink rel\x3d\x22alternate\x22 type\x3d\x22application/atom+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22Sudan Journal of Health Sciences - Atom\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.sjhsfajr.org/feeds/574210869009129660/comments/default\x22 /\x3e\n', 'meTag': '', 'adsenseHostId': 'ca-host-pub-1556223355139109', 'adsenseHasAds': false, 'adsenseAutoAds': false, 'boqCommentIframeForm': true, 'loginRedirectParam': '', 'view': '', 'dynamicViewsCommentsSrc': '//www.blogblog.com/dynamicviews/4224c15c4e7c9321/js/comments.js', 'dynamicViewsScriptSrc': '//www.blogblog.com/dynamicviews/361ce9cf7a112c52', 'plusOneApiSrc': 'https://apis.google.com/js/platform.js', 'disableGComments': true, 'interstitialAccepted': false, 'sharing': {'platforms': [{'name': 'Get link', 'key': 'link', 'shareMessage': 'Get link', 'target': ''}, {'name': 'Facebook', 'key': 'facebook', 'shareMessage': 'Share to Facebook', 'target': 'facebook'}, {'name': 'BlogThis!', 'key': 'blogThis', 'shareMessage': 'BlogThis!', 'target': 'blog'}, {'name': 'X', 'key': 'twitter', 'shareMessage': 'Share to X', 'target': 'twitter'}, {'name': 'Pinterest', 'key': 'pinterest', 'shareMessage': 'Share to Pinterest', 'target': 'pinterest'}, {'name': 'Email', 'key': 'email', 'shareMessage': 'Email', 'target': 'email'}], 'disableGooglePlus': true, 'googlePlusShareButtonWidth': 0, 'googlePlusBootstrap': '\x3cscript type\x3d\x22text/javascript\x22\x3ewindow.___gcfg \x3d {\x27lang\x27: \x27en\x27};\x3c/script\x3e'}, 'hasCustomJumpLinkMessage': false, 'jumpLinkMessage': 'Read more', 'pageType': 'item', 'postId': '574210869009129660', 'postImageThumbnailUrl': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6J4m2NOwkWbGztpIBcGaZXO31hnU5jg2YO92ARTo_G3BuLcZi1OchGr1ICmQsLoMBJWayICnReLpdrTDfgW-lbVexoVp7-df_h_KK3G9muLpfFd6oWqnxU7FKOfDhLEuD_RBzotmhvLxAFJWWQH5EJh5YLxU0L3KEEmEH-8UsLySaPO1jGt6eTUPxBj2f/s72-c/all%20sjhs%20(2)%20(1).jpg', 'postImageUrl': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6J4m2NOwkWbGztpIBcGaZXO31hnU5jg2YO92ARTo_G3BuLcZi1OchGr1ICmQsLoMBJWayICnReLpdrTDfgW-lbVexoVp7-df_h_KK3G9muLpfFd6oWqnxU7FKOfDhLEuD_RBzotmhvLxAFJWWQH5EJh5YLxU0L3KEEmEH-8UsLySaPO1jGt6eTUPxBj2f/s320/all%20sjhs%20(2)%20(1).jpg', 'pageName': 'SJHS - Vol 2 Issue1 - English Part', 'pageTitle': 'Sudan Journal of Health Sciences: SJHS - Vol 2 Issue1 - English Part', 'metaDescription': ''}}, {'name': 'features', 'data': {}}, {'name': 'messages', 'data': {'edit': 'Edit', 'linkCopiedToClipboard': 'Link copied to clipboard!', 'ok': 'Ok', 'postLink': 'Post Link'}}, {'name': 'template', 'data': {'name': 'custom', 'localizedName': 'Custom', 'isResponsive': true, 'isAlternateRendering': false, 'isCustom': true}}, {'name': 'view', 'data': {'classic': {'name': 'classic', 'url': '?view\x3dclassic'}, 'flipcard': {'name': 'flipcard', 'url': '?view\x3dflipcard'}, 'magazine': {'name': 'magazine', 'url': '?view\x3dmagazine'}, 'mosaic': {'name': 'mosaic', 'url': '?view\x3dmosaic'}, 'sidebar': {'name': 'sidebar', 'url': '?view\x3dsidebar'}, 'snapshot': {'name': 'snapshot', 'url': '?view\x3dsnapshot'}, 'timeslide': {'name': 'timeslide', 'url': '?view\x3dtimeslide'}, 'isMobile': false, 'title': 'SJHS - Vol 2 Issue1 - English Part', 'description': 'Sudan Journal of Health Sciences, Published by Alfajr College of Science \x26 Technology', 'featuredImage': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6J4m2NOwkWbGztpIBcGaZXO31hnU5jg2YO92ARTo_G3BuLcZi1OchGr1ICmQsLoMBJWayICnReLpdrTDfgW-lbVexoVp7-df_h_KK3G9muLpfFd6oWqnxU7FKOfDhLEuD_RBzotmhvLxAFJWWQH5EJh5YLxU0L3KEEmEH-8UsLySaPO1jGt6eTUPxBj2f/s320/all%20sjhs%20(2)%20(1).jpg', 'url': 'https://www.sjhsfajr.org/2024/04/all-journal-2024-vol2-issue1-english.html', 'type': 'item', 'isSingleItem': true, 'isMultipleItems': false, 'isError': false, 'isPage': false, 'isPost': true, 'isHomepage': false, 'isArchive': false, 'isLabelSearch': false, 'postId': 574210869009129660}}, {'name': 'widgets', 'data': [{'title': 'Sudan Journal of Health Sciences (Header)', 'type': 'Header', 'sectionId': 'logo', 'id': 'Header1'}, {'title': 'Pages', 'type': 'PageList', 'sectionId': 'pages', 'id': 'PageList1'}, {'title': 'Social Media icons', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'topsocialL', 'id': 'LinkList3'}, {'title': 'Main Menu', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'menu', 'id': 'LinkList001'}, {'title': 'search ...', 'type': 'BlogSearch', 'sectionId': 'searchform', 'id': 'BlogSearch2'}, {'title': 'contact form', 'type': 'ContactForm', 'sectionId': 'AddOns', 'id': 'ContactForm200'}, {'title': 'Blog Posts', 'type': 'Blog', 'sectionId': 'Tempnec', 'id': 'Blog1', 'posts': [{'id': '574210869009129660', 'title': 'SJHS - Vol 2 Issue1 - English Part', 'featuredImage': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6J4m2NOwkWbGztpIBcGaZXO31hnU5jg2YO92ARTo_G3BuLcZi1OchGr1ICmQsLoMBJWayICnReLpdrTDfgW-lbVexoVp7-df_h_KK3G9muLpfFd6oWqnxU7FKOfDhLEuD_RBzotmhvLxAFJWWQH5EJh5YLxU0L3KEEmEH-8UsLySaPO1jGt6eTUPxBj2f/s320/all%20sjhs%20(2)%20(1).jpg', 'showInlineAds': false}], 'footerBylines': [{'regionName': 'footer1', 'items': [{'name': 'author', 'label': 'Written by:'}, {'name': 'timestamp', 'label': '-'}, {'name': 'comments', 'label': 'comments'}, {'name': 'icons', 'label': ''}, {'name': 'share', 'label': ''}]}, {'regionName': 'footer2', 'items': [{'name': 'labels', 'label': ''}]}], 'allBylineItems': [{'name': 'author', 'label': 'Written by:'}, {'name': 'timestamp', 'label': '-'}, {'name': 'comments', 'label': 'comments'}, {'name': 'icons', 'label': ''}, {'name': 'share', 'label': ''}, {'name': 'labels', 'label': ''}]}, {'title': 'Search Using Keywords', 'type': 'BlogSearch', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'BlogSearch1'}, {'title': 'Issues and Volumes (English and Arabic)', 'type': 'Label', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'Label1'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'Image', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'Image1'}, {'title': 'Follow us on Social Media', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'LinkList4'}]}]); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HeaderView', new _WidgetInfo('Header1', 'logo', document.getElementById('Header1'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_PageListView', new _WidgetInfo('PageList1', 'pages', document.getElementById('PageList1'), {'title': 'Pages', 'links': [{'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://sjhsfajr.blogspot.com/', 'title': 'Home Page'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.sjhsfajr.org/p/editorial-board.html', 'id': '2876328297663790954', 'title': 'Editorial Board'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.sjhsfajr.org/p/guidelines-for-authors.html', 'id': '2191182514446264591', 'title': 'Author\x27s guide'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.sjhsfajr.org/p/submit-to-sjhs.html', 'id': '5030128562358364181', 'title': 'Submission'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.sjhsfajr.org/p/user-agreement.html', 'id': '3669821710297696467', 'title': ' User Agreement'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.sjhsfajr.org/p/privacy-policy.html', 'id': '3229251396048156123', 'title': 'Privacy Policy'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.sjhsfajr.org/p/contact-us.html', 'id': '2971670863425920601', 'title': ' Contact Us'}], 'mobile': false, 'showPlaceholder': true, 'hasCurrentPage': false}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList3', 'topsocialL', document.getElementById('LinkList3'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList001', 'menu', document.getElementById('LinkList001'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_BlogSearchView', new _WidgetInfo('BlogSearch2', 'searchform', document.getElementById('BlogSearch2'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ContactFormView', new _WidgetInfo('ContactForm200', 'AddOns', document.getElementById('ContactForm200'), {'contactFormMessageSendingMsg': 'Sending...', 'contactFormMessageSentMsg': 'Your message has been sent.', 'contactFormMessageNotSentMsg': 'Message could not be sent. Please try again later.', 'contactFormInvalidEmailMsg': 'A valid email address is required.', 'contactFormEmptyMessageMsg': 'Message field cannot be empty.', 'title': 'contact form', 'blogId': '8304613123833094363', 'contactFormNameMsg': 'Name', 'contactFormEmailMsg': 'Email', 'contactFormMessageMsg': 'Message', 'contactFormSendMsg': 'Send', 'contactFormToken': 'AOuZoY7YpDCo1gzKfQw5vH4rTGXrPWEeGA:1735249976647', 'submitUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/contact-form.do'}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_BlogView', new _WidgetInfo('Blog1', 'Tempnec', document.getElementById('Blog1'), {'cmtInteractionsEnabled': false, 'lightboxEnabled': true, 'lightboxModuleUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/static/v1/jsbin/3846405171-lbx.js', 'lightboxCssUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/static/v1/v-css/1964470060-lightbox_bundle.css'}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_BlogSearchView', new _WidgetInfo('BlogSearch1', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('BlogSearch1'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LabelView', new _WidgetInfo('Label1', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('Label1'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ImageView', new _WidgetInfo('Image1', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('Image1'), {'resize': true}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList4', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('LinkList4'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));